Post-Accident Analysis of a Mountain Sports Accident: Case Study of the Cerro Ventana Avalanche in Argentina

By Bastien Soulé, Pascal Lebihain
English

On 1st of September, 2002, fifteen students were hiking down a snow-covered mountain under the leadership of their professor. An avalanche suddenly occurred, burying the whole group under the snow, and resulting in nine fatalities. We consider this fatal event to be one tragic step in a process which started long before the day of the accident. Our main assumption is that this accident, like most hazards, was the product of many minor failures, including those relating to organization. In order to study the pre-accident context from different angles, we made use of complementary risk analysis models. A participative and qualitative method of data collection was also chosen. The scenario which led to the avalanche involves various risk factors. In this paper, we aim to highlight the organizational gaps, contradictions, and ambiguities. These occur around the following features: contradictory goals, missing or un-enforced rules, hidden or ignored signs, and simplistic risk modelling. The results of this study reduce the relevance of the judicial decision, which eventually found the one and only professor guilty.

Keywords

  • Post-accidental analysis
  • Avalanche
  • Cindynics
  • Systems theory
  • Risk